Kedu ihe bụ PEM File?

Esi emeghe, dezie ma gbanwee faịlụ PEM

Otu faịlụ nwere ndọtị faịlụ PEM bụ Ndenye Akwụkwọ Asambodo Nzuzo ejiri iji izipu email. Onye na-enweta ozi email a nwere ike inwe obi ike na ozi ahụ adịghị agbanwe mgbe ọ na-enyefe ya, egosighi onye ọ bụla ọzọ, ma onye zitere ya zitere ya.

Ụdị PEM si na mgbagha nke izipu data ọnụọgụ abụọ site na email. Ụdị PEM gbakwunyere ọnụọgụ abụọ na base64 nke mere na ọ dị ka eriri ASCII.

E jiriwo teknụzụ PEM dochie anya na teknụzụ ọhụrụ ma dịkwuo nchebe ma a ka na-eji PEM akpa ihe taa iji jide faịlụ ikikere akwụkwọ ikike, igodo nzuzo na nkeonwe, asambodo mgbọrọgwụ, wdg.

Rịba ama: Ụfọdụ faịlụ na usoro PEM nwere ike iji nchịkọta dị iche iche, dị ka CER ma ọ bụ CRT maka asambodo, ma ọ bụ KEY maka igodo ọha ma ọ bụ na nzuzo.

Otu esi mepee PEM faịlụ

Nzọụkwụ maka ịmepe faịlụ PEM dị iche iche dabere na ngwa dị ya mkpa na sistemụ arụmọrụ ị na-eji. Otú ọ dị, ị nwere ike iji tọgharịa faịlụ PEM gị na CER ma ọ bụ CRT ka ụfọdụ n'ime mmemme ndị a nabata faịlụ ahụ.

Windows

Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ CER ma ọ bụ CRT faịlụ na onye ahịa email dịka Outlook, mepee ya na Internet Explorer iji mee ka ọ na-ebudata ya na nchekwa data kwesịrị ekwesị. Onye ahịa email nwere ike iji ya mee ihe na-akpaghị aka.

Iji chọpụta ụdị akwụkwọ nkwado a na-ebukwasị na kọmputa gị, na ịbịnye aka na aka, jiri menu menu Internet Explorer ka ịnweta Nhọrọ Ịntanetị> Ọdịnaya> Asambodo .

Iji bubata faịlụ CER ma ọ bụ CRT na Windows, malite site na ịmepe Njikwa Management Microsoft site na igbe ọsọ (jiri ụzọ igodo Windows Key + R banye na mmc ). Site n'ebe ahụ, gaa na Njikwa> Tinye / Wepu nfe-na ... ma họrọ Asambodo site na ekpe ekpe, wee Tinye> bọtịnụ dị n'etiti etiti. Họrọ akaụntụ Kọmputa na ihuenyo na-esonụ, wee gafee ọkachamara, na-ahọpụta Kọmputa mpaghara mgbe a jụrụ gị.

Ozugbo "Asambodo" na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru "Nkpọrọgwụ Ntuziaka," gbasaa nchekwa na pịa nri Gbanyere Akaụntụ , wee họrọ Ọrụ niile> Bubata ....

MacOS

Otu echiche ahụ bụ eziokwu maka onye ahịa Mac gị dịka ọ bụ maka Windows; Jiri Safari iji nweta faịlụ PEM ka abanye n'ime Accesschap.

Ị nwekwara ike mbubata asambodo SSL site na Njikwa> Ihe Nbupu ... na menu Keychain Access. Họrọ System sitere na menu ndetu ma wee soro ihuenyo ahụ.

Ọ bụrụ na usoro ndị a anaghị arụ ọrụ maka mbubata faịlụ PEM n'ime macOS, ị nwere ike ịnwa iwu na- esonụ:

nche batara yourfile.pem -k ~ / Library / Keychains / login.keychain

Linux

Jiri iwu keytool a iji lee ọdịnaya nke faịlụ PEM na Linux:

keytool -printcert -file yourfile.pem

Soro usoro ndị a ma ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịbịnye faịlụ CRT n'ime akwụkwọ ndabere akwụkwọ ikikere a tụkwasịrị obi na Linux (lee usoro ntụgharị nke PEM na CRT na mpaghara na-esote ebe ọ bụrụ na ị nwere faịlụ PEM kama):

1. Gaa na / usr / òkè / ca-asambodo / .
2. Mepụta nchekwa n'ebe ahụ (dịka ọmụmaatụ, sudo mkdir / usr / share / ca-certificates / work ).
3. Detuo faịlụ .CRT n'ime nchekwa ọhụrụ ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ịmeghị ya na aka, ị nwere ike iji iwu a kama: sudo cp yourfile.crt /usr/share/ca-certificates/work/yourfile.crt .
4. Jide n'aka na edozi ikikere ahụ (755 maka nchekwa na 644 maka faịlụ ahụ).
5. Gaa na nkwado mmelite-ca-certificates .

Firefox na Thunderbird

Ọ bụrụ na faịlụ PEM chọrọ ịbịnye gaa ahịa dị ka Thunderbird, ị nwere ike ibu ụzọ wepụ faịlụ PEM na Firefox. Mepee Firefox menu wee họrọ Nhọrọ . Gaa n'ihu > Asambodo> Lee Asambodo> Asambodo gị ma họrọ otu ị chọrọ mbupụ, wee họrọ ndabere ....

Ekem, ke Thunderbird, meghe menu ma pịa ma ọ bụ pịa Nhọrọ . Gaa na Di elu> Asambodo> Jikwaa Asambodo> Asambodo Gị> Bubata .... Site na "Aha faịlụ:" ngalaba nke Mbubata Bubata , họrọ Asambodo faịlụ site na ndapụta, wee chọta ma mepee faịlụ PEM.

Iji bubata faịlụ PEM n'ime Firefox, na-agbaso otu nzọụkwụ ị ga-esi mbupụ otu, mana họrọ Bubata ... kama bọtịnụ ndabere ....

Java KeyStore

Hụ nke a Ngwunye Ntugharị na mbubata faịlụ PEM n'ime Java KeyStore (CKS) ma ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ ime nke ahụ. Nhọrọ ọzọ nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ bụ iji ngwá ọrụ a.

Otu esi gbanwee PEM File

N'adịghị ka ọtụtụ faịlụ faịlụ nwere ike ịgbanwere na ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị faịlụ ma ọ bụ weebụsaịtị , ịkwesịrị ịbanye iwu pụrụ iche megide otu usoro iji gbanwee ụdị faịlụ PEM na ọtụtụ usoro ndị ọzọ.

Pema PEM na PPK na PuTTYGen. Họrọ Mbube si n'akụkụ aka nri nke usoro ihe omume ahụ, setịpụ ụdị faịlụ ahụ ịbụ faịlụ ọ bụla (*. *), Wee chọgharịa ma meghee faịlụ PEM gị. Họrọ Chekwa igodo onwe gi iji mee faịlụ PPK.

Na OpenSSL (nweta nsụgharị Windows ebe a), ị nwere ike ịtụgharị faịlụ PEM na PFX na iwu na-esonụ:

openssl pkcs12 -inkey yourfile.pem -in yourfile.cert -export -out yourfile.pfx

Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere faịlụ PEM nke chọrọ ịgbanwe na CRT, dị ka okwu ahụ na Ubuntu, jiri iwu a na OpenSSL:

openssl x509 -infile.pem -formform PEM -out yourfile.crt

OpenSSL kwadoro ịtụgharị .PEM na .P12 (PKCS # 12, ma ọ bụ Key Key Cryptography Standard # 12), ma tinye ngwa ntinye ".TXT" na njedebe faịlụ ahụ tupu ị gbanye iwu a:

openssl pkcs12 -export -inkey yourfile.pem.txt -infilefile.pem.txt -out yourfile.p12

Hụ Stack Overflow njikọ n'elu banyere iji faịlụ PEM na Java KeyStore ma ọ bụrụ na ịchọrọ iji tọghata faịlụ ahụ na CKS, ma ọ bụ nkuzi a sitere na Oracle ịbubata faịlụ ahụ na teknụzụ Java.

Ozi ndị ọzọ na PEM

Njirimara ntanetị nke Nzuzo Nzuzo Enhanced Mail na-eji RSA-MD2 na RSA- MD5 nyocha ozi iji tụnyere ozi n'ihu na mgbe a zipụrụ ya, iji jide n'aka na e mebeghị ya ụzọ.

Ná mmalite nke faịlụ PEM bụ nkụnye eji isi mee nke na-agụ ----- BỤTA [label] ----- , na njedebe nke data bụ ihe yiri ụkwụ dịka nke a: ----- END [label] - ----. Ngalaba "[label]" na-akọwa ozi ahụ, ya mere, ọ nwere ike ịgụ ỤLỌ NCHE, Nyocha akwụkwọ, ma ọ bụ Nyocha .

Nke a bụ ihe atụ:

----- AMALITE onwe isi ----- MIICdgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCAmAwggJcAgEAAoGBAMLgD0kAKDb5cFyP jbwNfR5CtewdXC + kMXAWD8DLxiTTvhMW7qVnlwOm36mZlszHKvsRf05lT4pegiFM 9z2j1OlaN + CI / X7NU22TNN6crYSiN77FjYJP464j876ndSxyD + rzys386T + 1r1aZ aggEdkj1TsSsv1zWIYKlPIjlvhuxAgMBAAECgYA0aH + T2Vf3WOPv8KdkcJg6gCRe yJKXOWgWRcicx / CUzOEsTxmFIDPLxqAWA3k7v0B + 3vjGw5Y9lycV / 5XqXNoQI14j y09iNsumds13u5AKkGdTJnZhQ7UKdoVHfuP44ZdOv / rJ5 / VD6F4zWywpe90pcbK + AWDVtusgGQBSieEl1QJBAOyVrUG5l2yoUBtd2zr / kiGm / DYyXlIthQO / A3 / LngDW 5 / ydGxVsT7lAVOgCsoT + 0L4efTh90PjzW8LPQrPBWVMCQQDS3h / FtYYd5lfz + FNL 9CEe1F1w9l8P749uNUD0g317zv1tatIqVCsQWHfVHNdVvfQ + vSFw38OORO00Xqs9 1GJrAkBkoXXEkxCZoy4PteheO / 8IWWLGGr6L7di6MzFl1lIqwT6D8L9oaV2vynFT DnKop0pa09Unhjyw57KMNmSE2SUJAkEArloTEzpgRmCq4IK2 / NpCeGdHS5uqRlbh 1VIa / xGps7EWQl5Mn8swQDel / YP3WGHTjfx7pgSegQfkyaRtGpZ9OQJAa9Vumj8m JAAtI0Bnga8hgQx7BhTQY4CadDxyiRGOGYhwUzYVCqkb2sbVRH9HnwUaJT7cWBY3 RnJdHOMXWem7 / w == ----- ọgwụgwụ onwe isi -----

Otu faịlụ PEM nwere ike ịnwe ọtụtụ asambodo, na ikpe ahụ "ngalaba" END "na" BỤ "na-agbata ibe ha.

Njikwa Gị Ọ Na-amaliteghị?

Otu ihe mere faịlụ gị anaghị emeghe na ụzọ ndị a kọwara n'elu bụ na ị naghị emetụta faịlụ PEM n'ezie. Ị nwere ike kama ịwe faịlụ nke na-eji ntinye ntinye nhazi ọbụla. Mgbe nke ahụ bụ ikpe ahụ, ọ dịghị mkpa ka faịlụ abụọ ahụ nwee njikọ maọbụ ka ha rụọ ọrụ na otu mmemme ngwanrọ.

Dịka ọmụmaatụ, PEF na- ele anya dị egwu dịka PEM kama ọ bụ nke Pentax Raw Image faịlụ ma ọ bụ Ọkpụkpọ Embosser Format. Soro njikọ ahụ iji hụ otú ị ga-esi mepee ma ọ bụ tọghata faịlụ PEF, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụ ihe ị nwere n'ezie.

Ọ bụrụ na ị na - emeso faịlụ KEYI, mara na ọ bụghị faịlụ niile nke na - akwụsị na .KEY dị na usoro a kọwara na ibe a. Ha nwere ike kama ịbụ Key Key License eji eji mgbe ịdenye usoro mmemme dị ka LightWave, ma ọ bụ Keynote Presentation files created by Apple Keynote.

Ọ bụrụ na ijiri n'aka na ị nwere faịlụ PEM ma na-enwe nsogbu na-emeghe ma ọ bụ na-eji ya, lee Get More Help maka ozi gbasara ịkpọtụrụ m na netwọk mmekọrịta ma ọ bụ site na ozi-e, ịkwado na forum tech, na ndị ọzọ. Mee ka m mara ụdị nsogbu ị na-enwe ma aga m ahụ ihe m nwere ike ime iji nyere aka.